No, your pup will not get hip dysplasia from Canidae
A few things to know there. First and foremost, hip dysplasia is a
genetically inherited condition - a malformation of the hip joint. There is no food on this planet that
causes it. Where food can have a role in the development of HD is that inappropriately high levels of calcium, overall calories, and possibly protein can exacerbate the condition. That is to say, IF your dog is genetically pre-programmed to develop HD, then overnutrition can make it worse. If, however, your dog has normally shaped hip joints, overnutrition will have no effect whatsoever.
That's hip dysplasia. There are a few other skeletal conditions that really do have a causal link to over nutrition. So it certainly pays to examine the food you feed to growing puppies, and to ensure that
it does not contain excessive amounts of calcium, that the protein is moderate (jury is still out on whether protein is really an issue - but until there's a definitive answer, I think it's prudent to err on the side of caution on that one) and that you do NOT OVERFEED.
So, what's safe? Generally speaking, you need to feed a food with a protein level in the 22-26% range, with calcium not exceeding 1.5% (0.8-1.3 is better), and don't disregard the feeding instructions. You should never, for example, feed a growing pup all they want just because they're growing. That's actually a reason for moderation

not for excess.
Back to Canidae though - your vet hasn't even heard of it. Maybe he should
look before telling you it's no good

In fact, it has a near perfect protein content for a puppy (including a large breed puppy) of 24% - well
below the maximum recommended level. And it's got a near perfect calcium content of 1.2% (well below that of many large breed foods). And being high in digestibility, you don't need to feed much - so are far less likely to overfeed.
In fact, it's a
far more moderate food than a great many so-called "large breed puppy" foods on the market. Really, your vet could at least read the darned label before jumping straight into the scare tactics - they are unwarrented.